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QUALITY GURU’s
What is a Quality Guru ?

A guru, by definition, is a good person, a wise person and a teacher. A quality guru should be all of these, plus have a concept and approach to quality within business that has made a major and lasting impact. The gurus mentioned in this section have done, and continue to do, that, in some cases, even after their death.

The gurus

There have been three groups of gurus since 1940’s:

Early 1950’s Americans who took the messages of quality to Japan
Late 1950’s Japanese who developed new concepts in response to the Americans
1970’s~1980’s Western gurus who followed the Japanese industrial success

It is beyond the scope of this site to go into great detail on each of the gurus, their philosophies, teachings and tools; however, a brief overview of their contribution to the quality journey is given, supported by several references.

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Kaoru Ishikawa

He is considered a key figure in the development of quality initiatives in Japan

  • Key person for development in Quality Circle
  • Founder of Ishikawa Diagram also called as Cause and Effect Diagram or Fish Bone Diagram

Ishikawa is best known for:

Ishikawa Diagram - Also known as Cause-and-effect Diagram or Fishbone Diagram.

Seven Basic Quality Tools - Seven Basic Quality Tools were first emphasized by Ishikawa.

Quality Circles - Ishikawa introduced the concept of Quality Circles. This is an essential part of Total Quality Management (TQM).

Company-wide Quality - Ishikawa believed that quality must be company-wide.
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Dr. William Edwards Deming

Deming worked from the Shewhart cycle and over time eventually developed the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, which has the idea of deductive and inductive learning built into the learning and improvement cycle. Deming finally published the PDSA cycle in 1993

This Cycle of Continuous Learning or improvement is now been referred as Plan-Do-Check-Act ( PDCA cycle ) also called as Deming cycle.

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Joseph M. Juran

Juran was one of the first to write about the cost of poor quality.  This was illustrated by his "Juran trilogy," an approach to  cross-functional management, which is composed of three managerial processes: quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement.

Without change, there will be a constant waste; during change there will be increased costs, but after the improvement, margins will be higher and the increased costs are recouped.

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Philip B.Crosby

Crosby initiated the Zero Defects program.

- Crosby's response to the quality crisis was the principle of "doing it right the first time" (DIRFT).

He also included four major principles

The definition of quality is conformance to requirements (requirements meaning both the product and the customer's requirements)

The system of quality is prevention

The performance standard is zero defects (relative to requirements)

The measurement of quality is the price of nonconformance

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Armand Vallin Feigenbaum

He devised the concept of Total Quality Control which inspired Total Quality Management.

His contributions to the quality body of knowledge include

  • Total quality control 
  • The concept of a "hidden" plant 
  • Accountability for quality
  • The concept of quality costs
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David A Garvin

Eight dimensions of product quality management can be used at a  strategic level to analyze quality characteristics. The concept was defined by David A. Garvin.

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Shigeo Shingo

Was considered as the world’s leading expert on manufacturing practices and the Toyota Production System.

The Term Poka Yoke was Coined by Shigeo Shingo.

Shigeo Shingo is best known for:
Poka Yoke
SMED – Single Minute Exchange of die
JIT – Just in Time.

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Genichi Taguchi

He was an engineer and statistician.[1] From the 1950s onwards, Taguchi developed a methodology for applying statistics to improve the quality of manufactured goods.

Genichi Taguchi is best known For:
Taguchi Methods
Taguchi Loss Function
Design of Experiments
Robust Design
Quality Engineering

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Walter A. Shewhart

was an American physicist, engineer and statistician, sometimes known as the  father of statistical quality control and also related to the Shewhart cycle.

Walter Shewhart is best known for:
Control Charts - Control Charts laid the foundation of Statistical Process Control (SPC)and modern quality improvement practices, including Six Sigma.
Assignable and Chance Cause of Variation

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Taiichi Ohno

He is considered to be the father of the Toyota Production System, which inspired  Lean Manufacturing in the U.S.He devised the seven wastes (or muda in Japanese) as part of this system.

Taiichi Ohno is best known for:
Toyota Production System
Seven types of wastes (Muda)

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